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Objective@#To investigate the characteristics, temporal trend of silicosis, and provide basis for risk assessment and precise prevention and control of occupational diseases.@*Methods@#Using descriptive statistics to analyze the reported cases of silicosis by SPSS 20.0 software. Reported silicosis cases, the constituent ratio, the incidence age and the working age at onset were analyzed by a linear trend test. Analyzing the variation trends of regional, industry, economic type and enterprise scale distributions by the chi-square trend test. Moreover, using Moran's I method for spatial autocorrelation analysis and trend-surface analysis.@*Results@#(1) During 2006 to 2015, Guangdong province had reported 1, 428 cases of silicosis, mainly gathered in Foshan, Zhongshan, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, which included 1391 male cases accounting for 97.41%. And the average incidence age was 45 (39, 51) . The average working age of onset was 9 (5.5, 15) . In economic type distribution, the private economy took the main part, accounting for 59.1%. In enterprise scale distribution, it was dominated by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) , accounting for 32.4% and 37.3% respectively. In industry distribution, most cases were gathered in materials and mining industry, accounting for 32.1% and 22.9% respectively. (2) The number of silicosis cases, the incidence age and the working age of onset showed a rising trend (P<0.01) . Meanwhile, the constituent ratios of medium-sized enterprises and building materials industry were increasing (P<0.05) . The annual variation trends of regional, economic type and age distributions were not statistically significant (P> 0.05) . (3) The spatial distribution trend showed an inverted U type, which was firstly raised and then declined from south to north and from east to west. The distribution characteristic demonstrated some high-high cluster areas, including Chancheng, Nanhai, Shunde, Panyu, Dongguan, Pengjiang, and Zhongshan. While Wuhua showed a high-low outlier form (P<0.01) .@*Conclusion@#Silicosis cases, age and working age of onset were on the rise, as well as the industry and enterprise scale distributions of occupational diseases presented a certain trend in Guangdong province from 2006 to 2015. There were high-high cluster and high-low outlier phenomena in spatial distribution with spatial correlation. Therefore, our work of silicosis epidemic trend and distribution may provide some bases for the occupational disease risk assessment and control.
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OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and predict epidemiological trends of occupational chemical poisoning,based on directly reported data during 2006-2015 in Guangdong Province. METHODS: The data of patients with occupational chemical poisoning reported from National Information Surveillance System for Occupational Disease and Occupational Health from 2006 to 2015 in Guangdong Province were collected. The epidemiological characteristics were retrospectively analyzed. The autoregressive integral moving average model( ARIMA model) was established and validated based on the number of the new onset cases and was used to predict the trends of occupational chemical poisoning from 2017 to 2020 in Guangdong Province. RESULTS: From 2006 to 2015,1 288 new cases of occupational chemical poisoning were reported in Guangdong Province,which accounted for 24. 4% of the total number of new cases of occupational diseases in the province( 5 283 cases). Among the new cases,the percentage of acute and chronic poisoning was 21. 7%( 279/1 288) and 78. 3%( 1 009/1 288). There was 74. 7%( 962/1 288) of organic solvent poisoning. Five kinds of new occupational chemical poisoning were found. Most of the new cases were male,accounting for 56. 7%( 729/1 288). They were mainly distributed and concentrated in Pearl River Delta Region,accounting for 95. 9%(1 235/1 288). Shenzhen,Dongguan and Guangzhou were the most three cities which had 425,325 and 209 cases respectively,all of them accounted for 74. 4%( 959/1 288). The new cases of poisoning mainly distributed in medium and small enterprises( 72. 0%),private economic enterprises( 50. 9%) and manufacturing industries(70. 5%). The number of occupational chemical poisoning diseases decreased first,and increased,and the proportion to the total number of occupational diseases in Guangdong Province showed a straight downward trend(P < 0. 01). The median age at diagnosis was 35 years old and the median work year at diagnosis was 2. 0 years,and both of them showed an increasing trend( P < 0. 01). CONCLUSION: Occupational chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province has certain characteristic of crowd aggregation and epidemic trends.
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Objective@#To explore the occupational disease spatial distribution characteristics in Guangzhou and Foshan city in 2006-2013 with Geographic Information System and to provide evidence for making control strategy.@*Methods@#The data on occupational disease diagnosis in Guangzhou and Foshan city from 2006 through 2013 were collected and linked to the digital map at administrative county level with Arc GIS12.0 software for spatial analysis.@*Results@#The maps of occupational disease and Moran’s spatial autocor-relation analysis showed that the spatial aggregation existed in Shunde and Nanhai region with Moran’s index 1.727, -0.003. Local Moran’s I spatial autocorrelation analysis pointed out the "positive high incidence re-gion" and the "negative high incidence region" during 2006~2013. Trend analysis showed that the diagnosis case increased slightly then declined from west to east, increase obviously from north to south, declined from? southwest to northeast, high in the middle and low on both sides in northwest-southeast direction.@*Conclusions@#The occupational disease is obviously geographical distribution in Guangzhou and Foshan city. The corresponding prevention measures should be made according to the geographical distribution.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) RsaI/PstI and DraI polymorphisms in workers exposed to benzene.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cross-sectional survey was carried out. A total of 71 workers exposed to benzene were included in observation group and the same number of people without occupational benzene exposure were included in control group. Blood samples from the two groups were collected and genotyping for CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI and DraI were conducted using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant differences in CYP2E1 DraI genotype and allele distributions between the observation group and the control group (χ² = 2.374, P > 0.05; χ² = 2.113, P > 0.05). Significant differences in CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI genotype and allele distributions between the two groups were observed (χ² = 9.129, P < 0.01; χ² = 6.028, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mutations at CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI can enhance the expression of CYP2E1 and this suggests individuals with the mutated gene have increased susceptibility to chronic benzene poisoning.</p>